Khalil, Atif

Khalil, Atif
Associate Professor

History and Religion Department

Phone
(403) 332-4585
Email
atif.khalil@uleth.ca

Office Hours

By Email Appointment

About Me

Primary Research Interests: Sufism; Classical Islamic Ethics, Moral Psychology, and Virtue Theory; Ibn Arabi (d. 1240 CE).
Secondary Research Interests: Islamic Philosophy (falsafa) and The鈥ology (kalam); Orientalism, Decolonialism, and the Study of Islam; Islamophobia; Theologies of Difference and the Problem of Universalism and Particularism in Religion; Comparative Mysticism; Jewish-Muslim Relations and the Medieval Judaeo-Islamic Tradition; Islam and the Near-Death Experience (extra-disciplinary interest).

Courses Taught (Undergraduate): 

  • RELS1000 World Religions
  • RELS2600 Introduction to Islam
  • RELS3600 Islamic Theology and Philosophy
  • RELS3600 Classical Islamic Thought
  • RELS3600 Sufism
  • RELS3600 Islamic Art, Architecture, and Music
  • RELS3600 Islamic History (forthcoming)
  • RELS4000 Comparative Mysticism
  • RELS4400 Advanced Readings in Islamic Thought
  • RELS4400 Advanced Readings in Theology and Philosophy of Religion
  • RELS4400 Advanced Readings in Mystical Thought

Publications

Books and Edited Volumes

  • Sufism: The Basics (Routledge, under contract)
  • I of the Heart: Essays in Islamic Studies, co-edited with M. Faruque and M. Rustom (Leiden: Brill, forthcoming).
  • Mysticism & Ethics in Islam, co-edited with B. Orfali and M. Rustom (Beirut: American 免费福利资源在线看片 of Beirut Press, 2022).
  • Repentance and the Return to God: Tawba in Early Sufism (Albany: State 免费福利资源在线看片 of New York Press, 2018). Reviewed in Journal of the American Oriental Society (2022); Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society (2022); Philosophy East and West (2022); Studies in Religion (2022); Journal of Sufi Studies (2020); Journal of Islamic Ethics (2020); Journal of Islamic and Muslim Studies (2020); Islamochristiana (2020); Medieval Religious Cultures (2020); Nazariyyat (Turkish) (2019); American Journal of Islam and Society (2019); Journal of the Muhyiddin Ibn 鈥楢rabi Society (2018). 
  • Special Issue on Sufism, co-edited with S. Sheikh, Studies in Religion/Sciences Religieuses 43, no. 3 (2014).
  • In Search of the Lost Heart: Essays in Classical Islamic Thought by William C. Chittick, co-edited with M. Rustom (lead ed.) and K. Murata (Albany: State 免费福利资源在线看片 of New York Press, 2012). Translated into Albanian, Indonesian, Turkish, and other languages.
Select Academic Articles, Papers, Book Chapters, and Review Essays

  • 鈥淗umility, Self-Naughting, and Self-Transcendence: A View from the Islamic Mystical Tradition,鈥 in Humility: A Philosophical Perspective. Ed. Justin Steinberg (Oxford: Oxford 免费福利资源在线看片 Press, forthcoming).
  • 鈥淧urifying the Self in Sufism,鈥 in The Routledge Handbook of Islamic Ethics. Ed. M. Ghaly (London: Routledge, forthcoming).
  • 鈥淐ircles of Remembrance: The Halveti-Jerrahis of Toronto,鈥 in Sufism in Canada: Weaving Islamic Practice and Contemporary Spirituality. Eds. Merin S. Xavier and Genevi猫ve Mercier-Dalphond (Vancouver: 免费福利资源在线看片 of British Columbia Press, 2025), 40-65.
  • 鈥淓thics in Islam,鈥 in St. 础苍诲谤别飞鈥檚 Encyclopedia of Theology. Eds. Brendan N. Wolfe et al. (open access, 2024/25)
  • 鈥淔asting in Early Sufi Literature,鈥 Oxford Journal of Islamic Studies 35, no. 2 (2024): 216-241.  
  • 鈥淭丑别 Gifts of Suffering and the Virtues of the Heart,鈥 in From the Divine to the Human: New Perspectives on Evil, Suffering, and the Global Pandemic. Eds. M. Faruque and M. Rustom (London: Routledge, 2023), 143-157.
  • 鈥泪bn al-鈥楢ra产墨 on the Circle of Trusteeship and the Divine Name 补濒-奥补办墨濒,鈥 Journal of Sufi Studies 12 (2023): 65-82.
  • 鈥淭丑别 Beneficiary as Benefactor: al-Ghazali on the Etiquettes of Charity,鈥 Maydan: An Online Publication of the Abu Sulayman Center for Global Islamic Studies at George Mason 免费福利资源在线看片 (2023).
  • 鈥淎tonement, Returning, and Repentance in Islam,鈥 Religions (special issue on Atonement, edited by Joshua Thurow) 14, no. 2 (2023): 2-9 (168).
  • 鈥淩emembering Toshihiko Izutsu: Linguist, Islamicist, Philosopher,鈥 in Islamic Thought and the Art of Translation. Ed. M. Rustom. Islamic History and Civilization (Leiden: Brill, 2023), 528-550.
  • 鈥泪bn al-鈥楢ra产墨 & the Sufis on Trust in God (Tawakkul),鈥 Journal of the Muhyiddin Ibn 鈥楢rabi Society 71, no. 1 (2022): 87-105.
  • 鈥淥n Patience (峁abr) in Sufi Virtue Ethics,鈥 in Mysticism and Ethics in Islam, eds. B. Orfali, M. Rustom and A. Khalil (Beirut: American 免费福利资源在线看片 of Beirut Press, 2022), 71-78.
  • 鈥淐harity, Detachment, and the Global Inequality of Wealth: Ruminations from the Muslim Tradition,鈥 Maydan: An Online Publication of the Abu Sulayman Center for Global Islamic Studies at George Mason 免费福利资源在线看片 (2022).
  • 鈥淲hite Death: Ibn al-鈥楢ra产墨 on the Trials and Virtues of Hunger and Fasting,鈥 Journal of the American Oriental Society 141, no. 3 (2021): 577-586. Albanian translation (by E. Lohja), 鈥淰dekja e bardh毛: Ibn 士Ara产墨u rreth sprovave dhe virtyteve t毛 uris毛 dhe agj毛rimit,鈥 Zani i Nalt毛 34 (2022).
  • Review Essay of The Pure Intention: On Knowledge of the Unique Name by Ibn 鈥楢ta Allah al-Iskandari, trans. Khalid Williams (Cambridge: ITS, 2018), Journal of Islamic and Muslim Studies 6, no. 1 (2021): 108-114.
  • 鈥淪ufism and Qur鈥櫮錸ic Ethics,鈥 in The Routledge Handbook on Sufism, ed. L. Ridgeon (New York: Routledge Press, 2020), 159-171 (chapter 12). Albanian translation (by E. Lohja), 鈥Shpirtshm毛ria Islame dhe etika Kur鈥檃nore,鈥 Zani i Nalt毛 31 (2020): 5-22.
  • 鈥淗umility in Islamic Contemplative Ethics,鈥 Journal of Islamic Ethics 4 (2020): 223-252.
  • 鈥淪cience, Religion and the Challenge of Near-Death Experiences,鈥 Renovatio: Journal of Zaytuna College (July 2020).
  • 鈥Rreth pendes毛s n毛 shpirtshm毛rin毛 islame (Repentance in Islamic Spirituality),鈥 Zani i Nalt毛 (2020). Albanian translation (E. Lohja).
  • 鈥淭丑别 Dialectic of Gratitude in the Non-Dualism of Ibn al-鈥楢ra产墨,鈥 Journal of the Muhyiddin Ibn 鈥楢rabi Society 64 (2018): 27-51. Albanian translation (E. Lohja), Zani i Nalt毛.
  • 鈥淎t the Tomb of Ren茅 Gu茅non in Old Cairo,鈥 Sacred Web 41 (2018): 84-91. Hungarian translation (Umenhoffer Istv谩n), 鈥淩en茅 Gu茅non s铆rj谩n谩l Kair贸 贸v谩ros谩ban,鈥 Duo Gladii: A szellemi ellen谩ll谩s lapja 4, no. 2 (2025). 
  • Review Essay of Ibn al-鈥楢ra产墨 and Islamic Intellectual Culture: From Mysticism to Philosophy by Caner Dagli (London: Routledge, 2016), Nazariyat (2017): 157-165. Translated into Turkish (by S. Parildar).
  • 鈥淎 Note on Interior Conversion in Early Sufism and Ibrahim b. Adham鈥檚 Entry into the Way,鈥 Journal of Sufi Studies 5, no. 2 (2016): 189-198.
  • 鈥淭丑别 Embodiment of Gratitude (Shukr) in Sufi Ethics,鈥 Studia Islamica 111 (2016): 159-178. 
  • 鈥淪ufism in Western Historiography鈥 (with S. Sheikh) Philosophy East and West 66, no. 1 (2016): 194-217. Revised, edited version published as 鈥淪ufism, Scripture, and Scholarship: From Graham to Gu茅non,鈥 Sacred Web, 44 (2019): 16-25. Arabic translation (by M. Sifar), 鈥Al-ta峁wwuf fi-l ac腻d墨miyya al-gharbiyya,鈥 forthcoming in a collection of essays edited by M. al-Lawati.
  • 鈥淥n Cultivating Gratitude in Sufi Virtue Ethics,鈥 Journal of Sufi Studies 4 (2015): 1-26. Persian translation (by M. Kazemi), 鈥淒ar b腻b-i parwardan-i shukr dar akhl腻q-i fa岣墨lat-gar腻y-i 峁Ｅ玣墨腻na,鈥 Fa峁-n腻ma-yi Hunar-i Zab腻n (2020): 7-38.
  • 鈥淔rom Ren茅 Gu茅non to Christopher Hedges: The 鈥楽igns of the Times鈥 in an Empire of Illusion?鈥 Sacred Web: A Journal of Tradition and Modernity 36 (2015): 97-118.
  • 鈥淛ewish-Muslim Dialogue, Globalization and the Judeo-Islamic Legacy,鈥 Journal of Religion and Society 17 (2015): 1-21 (open access). 
  • 鈥Contentment, Satisfaction and Good Pleasure: Rida in Early Sufi Moral Psychology,鈥 Studies in Religion/Sciences Religieuses 43, no. 3 (2014): 1-19.
  • 鈥Tawba in the Sufi Psychology of 础产奴 峁腻lib al-Ma办办墨 (d. 996),鈥 Oxford Journal of Islamic Studies 23, no. 3 (2012): 294-324.
  • 鈥础产奴 峁腻lib al-Ma办办墨 (d. 996) and the Q奴迟 al-Qul奴b (Nourishment of Hearts) in the Context of Early Sufism,鈥 Muslim World 122, no. 2 (2012): 335-356.
  • 鈥泪s God Obliged to Answer Prayers of Petition? The Response of Classical Sufis and Qur鈥anic Exegetes,鈥 Journal of Medieval Religious Cultures 37, no. 2 (2011): 93-109.
  • 鈥The Vision of Existence in Hua-yen Buddhism,鈥 Sacred Web: A Journal of Tradition and Modernity 23 (2009): 49-76.
  • 鈥Ibn al-鈥Ara产墨 (d.1240) on the Three Conditions of Tawba,鈥 Journal of Islam and Christian-Muslim Relations 17 (2006): 403-416.
  • 鈥Some Tensions in F腻r腻产墨鈥s (d. 950) Metaphysics of the One and the Emanative Descent,鈥 in Towards Comparative Philosophy, ed. Musa Akrami (Iran: Azad 免费福利资源在线看片, 2006), chapter 4.鈥
Select Conference Papers, Invited Lectures, Interfaith & Intercultural Symposia

  • 鈥泪hsan, Catharsis, and the Trilogy of the Soul,鈥 Opening address for Ihsan and Tzelem: Aesthetic Vision and Ethical Task, Conference on Jewish-Muslim Relations and the Judeo-Islamic Legacy, 免费福利资源在线看片 of Virginia (February 2024)
  • 鈥淭apestries of the Ethical Self in Islamic Piety,鈥 Annual UCF al-Ghazali Islamic Studies Lecture, 免费福利资源在线看片 of Central Florida, Orlando (February 2024)
  • 鈥淕hazali on Charity and Ruminiations on the Global Disparity of Wealth,鈥 免费福利资源在线看片 of Sarajevo, Bosnia (October 2023).
  • 鈥泪bn al-鈥楢rabi in Japan: The Life and Legacy of Toshihiko Izutsu (1914-1993),鈥 Translated Desires: Ibn Arabi and the Multilinguial Islam Past, Columbia 免费福利资源在线看片 (October 2023)
  • 鈥淐harity, Detachment & Generosity in Islamic Ethics,鈥 George Mason 免费福利资源在线看片, Fairfax, Virginia (October 2022)
  • 鈥淟oyalty in Friendship: A Sufi Perspective,鈥 免费福利资源在线看片 of Edinburgh (September 2022)
  • 鈥淥n Suffering: Reflections from the Sufi Tradition,鈥 From the Divine to the Human: New Perspectives on Evil, Suffering, and the Global Pandemic. Co-organized by M. Rustom and M. Faruque, 免费福利资源在线看片 of Cincinnati (June 2022, remote presentation due to pandemic.鈥
  • Gratitude as Virtue and Vice: Critical Reflections from the Sufi Tradition,鈥 免费福利资源在线看片 of Virginia (April 2022, remote presentation due to pandemic)
  • 鈥淟oyalty to God: A Sufi Perspective,鈥 Union Theological Seminary, New York (March 2022)
  • 鈥泪bn 鈥楢rabi on the Circle of Trusteeship,鈥 Monash 免费福利资源在线看片 (July 2021, remote presentation due to pandemic)
  • 鈥淗umility between Pride and Self-Loathing in Islamic Ethics,鈥 免费福利资源在线看片 of Chicago Divinity School (May 2021, remote presentation due to pandemic)
  • 鈥淭丑别 Anti-Reformist Reformism of 鈥楢bd al-Wahid Yahya,鈥 Hamad Bin Khalifa 免费福利资源在线看片, Conference on Muslim Reformers, Doha, Qatar (March 2020, conference postponed due to pandemic)
  • 鈥淒eath in the World Religions: An Islamic Perspective,鈥 Panelist on Islam, Hosted by the City of Lethbridge & the Lethbridge Interfaith Council (February, 2020)
  • 鈥淲hen does a Virtue become a Vice? Gratitude as Panacea and Poison in Sufi Ethics,鈥 British 免费福利资源在线看片, Dubai, UAE (January, 2020)
  • 鈥淗umility in Sufi Ethics,鈥 Hamad Bin Khalifa 免费福利资源在线看片, Conference on Sufism, Gender and Futuwwa, Doha, Qatar (November, 2019)
  • Panelist for Discussion on Politics, Religion & Muslim Identity following international award-winning play Disgraced at the Martha Cohen Theatre, Calgary (October, 2019)
  • 鈥淕ratitude Towards the 鈥極ther鈥 in Islamic Contemplative Ethics,鈥 Yale 免费福利资源在线看片, Divinity School Symposium on Gratitude (September 2019)
  • 鈥淧atience in Early Sufism,鈥 American 免费福利资源在线看片 of Beirut, Conference on Mysticism and Ethics, Beirut, Lebanon (May 2019)
  • 鈥淐ompassion in Islam: Ideals & Realities鈥 Open House, Lethbridge Muslim Association (April 2019)
  • 鈥淪ufi Ethics and the Station of Repentance,鈥 and 鈥泪slam and the Near-Death Experience: Some Preliminary Reflections,鈥 Uskudur 免费福利资源在线看片, Istanbul, Turkey (March 2018)
  • 鈥淭丑别 Shirk of Shukr: Gratitude in the Non-Dualism of Ibn al-鈥楢rabi,鈥 Annual Ibn al-鈥楢rabi Conference, 免费福利资源在线看片 of California at Santa Barbara (November 2017)
  • 鈥淭丑别 Wings of Angel on the Tail of Donkey: Rumi on the Human Predicament,鈥 Waterloo-Kitchner, Wilfred Laurier 免费福利资源在线看片 (September 2016).
  • 鈥泪ntimate Strangers? Jewish-Muslim Relations in Light of Medieval and Modern History,鈥 Centre for Judaic and Inter-Religious Studies, Shandong 免费福利资源在线看片, Jinan, China (June 2016)
  • 鈥淢usic in Islamic Law, Theology and Mysticism,鈥 Centre for Advanced Humanistic Studies, Peking 免费福利资源在线看片, Beijing, China (June 2016)
  • 鈥淎verroes on the Relation of Reason and Revelation,鈥 Minzu 免费福利资源在线看片, Beijing, China (June 2016)
  • 鈥淩abia of Basra (d. 801 CE): Between Myth and History,鈥 Dept. of Religious Studies, 免费福利资源在线看片 of Calgary (Fall 2015). 
  • 鈥泪slam in the Abrahamic Mosaic,鈥 In Muslims Next Door, a short lecture followed by panel discussion, sponsored by the City of Lethbridge, the Canadian Coalition of Municipalities Against Racism and Discrimination, and the Lethbridge Islamic Centre, Lethbridge City Hall (January 2015).
  • 鈥淛ewish-Muslim Relations, Globalization & the Perennial Philosophy,鈥 Wilfred Laurier 免费福利资源在线看片 (Fall 2014).
  • 鈥淩eflections on Detachment in the Writings of Meister Eckhart,鈥 Wilfred Laurier 免费福利资源在线看片 (Fall 2013).
  • 鈥淐ultivating Gratitude as a Mode of Being: Reflections from the Sufi Tradition and Positive Psychology,鈥 Wilfred Laurier 免费福利资源在线看片 (Fall 2012)
  • 鈥淭丑别 Experience of Muslim Minorities in Southern Alberta,鈥 Diversity Conference, sponsored by the City of Lethbridge and the Canadian Coalition of Municipalities Against Racism and Discrimination, Lethbridge (Spring 2012).
  • 鈥淭丑别 Virtues of Sin and the Sins of Repentance: The Mystical Theology of a Medieval Spanish Mystic,鈥 Department of Religious Studies, 免费福利资源在线看片 of Calgary (April, 2009).
  • 鈥淪ufism as Inner Islam,鈥 Calgary Inter-Mennonite Church (November, 2009).
  • 鈥淭丑别 Abrahamic Vision of Islam,鈥 and 鈥淭丑别 Islamic Intellectual Tradition,鈥 invited by Rabbi Azrael of Temple Israel as keynote speaker to address rabbis and clerics for the 67th Annul Rabbi Sidney H. Jane Brooks Institute on Judaism for Christian Clergy. Omaha, Nebraska (April 2007).
  • 鈥淭丑别 Poethics of Teshuva / Tawba as a Critical Discipline for the Reconciliation of Judaism and Islam鈥 (co-authored with Rabbi [Dr.] Aubrey Glazer, Sufism et Kabbalah for international conference sponsored by the Alliance Israelite Universelle). Paper presented by Rabbi Glazer in Paris, France (October 2006).
  • 鈥淪cience and Philosophy in Medieval Islam,鈥 Toronto Noor Centre for Islamic Culture (March 2005).
  • 鈥淎braham鈥檚 Call & the Binding: An Islamic Perspective,鈥 Voices from the Children of Abraham (interfaith dialogue with John Boissonneau, Auxiliary Bishop of the Archdiocese of Toronto, and Rabbi Yael Splansky), Holy Blossom Synagogue, Toronto (February 2005).
  • 鈥淪urmounting Inter-Otherness: On the Prospects for Jewish-Muslim Understanding,鈥 Inscriptions: Decoding Politics, Gender and Culture in Epistemologies and Praxis, AAMSS Annual Conference, Toronto, Canada (November 2004).
  • 鈥淛udaism & Islam in Contemplative Dialogue,鈥 with Rabbi Aubrey Glazer, Beth Tzedec Synagogue, Toronto (June 2004).
  • 鈥淢uslim-Jewish Mysticism in Dialogue,鈥 Spirit Matters: Wisdom Traditions and the 鈥楪reat Work鈥 (dialogue circle co-hosted with Rabbi Aubrey Glazer), Ontario Institute of Science and Education, Toronto (May 2004).
  • 鈥淎n Islamic Response to the Environmental Crisis,鈥 Symposium on Religion and the Environment, Toronto School of Theology (July 2002).

Book Reviews

  • House of the Prophet: Devotion to Muhammad in Islamic Mysticism by Claude Addas, trans. D. Streight (Louisville, KY: Fons Vitae, 2024), Journal of Islamic and Muslim Studies, forthcoming.
  • Rabia from Narrative to Myth by Rkia Cornell (Oxford: Oxford Oneworld Academic, 2019), Journal of Islamic and Muslim Studies, 8, no. 1 (2023): 82-88.
  • Sainthood and Authority in Early Islam: Al-Hak墨m al-Tirmidh墨鈥檚 Theory of Wil腻ya and the Reenvisioning of the Sunn墨 Caliphate by Aiyub Palmer (Brill, 2019), Journal of Islamic and Muslim Studies 5, no. 2 (2020): 88-93.
  • Ethics and Spirituality: adab in Sufism, eds. F. Chiabotti et al. (Brill, 2017), Journal of Islamic Ethics 4 (2020): 268-273.
  • Ahmad al-Ghaz腻l墨, Remembrance, and the Metaphysics of Love by Joseph Lumbard (Albany: State 免费福利资源在线看片 of New York Press, 2016), Journal of Sufi Studies 6 (2017): 233-236.
  • Sufism and Deconstruction by Ian Almond (London: Routledge, 2009), Sacred Web: A Journal of Tradition and Modernity, 39 (2017): 163-168.
  • Sufism Black and White, eds. Bilal Orfali and Nada Saab (Leiden: Brill, 2012), Studies in Religion/Sciences Religieuses. 45, no. 1 (2016): 79-80.
  • Spiritual Purification in Islam: The Life and Words of al-Muhasibi by Gavin Picken, (New York: Routledge, 2011), Journal of Medieval Religious Cultures 42, no. 2 (2016): 278-280.
  • Islamic Mysticism and the Role of the Heart by Saeko Yazaki (Routledge, 2012), Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society, 25, no. 2 (2015): 357-360.
  • The Comfort of the Mystics (Salwat al-鈥樐錼if墨n) by Gerhard Bowering and Bilal Orfali (Leiden, Brill: 2013), American Journal of Islamic Social Sciences 31, no. 3 (2014):149-152.
  • The Cardinal Virtues in the Middle Ages by Istv谩n Bejczy (Leiden: Brill, 2012), Studies in Religion 43 (2014): 183-185.
  • Arabic-English Dictionary of Qur鈥櫮錸ic Usage by Elsaid M. Badawi and Muhammad Abdel Haleem (Leiden, Brill. 2008), Journal of Medieval Religious Cultures 40 (2014): 101-104.
  • The Ocean of the Soul: Men, the World, and God in the Stories of Far墨d Al-D墨n A峁弓腻r by Hellmut Ritter (Leiden: Brill, 2003), Studies in Religion/Sciences Religieuses 36 (2007): 626-627.
  • The Formation of the Classical Tafs墨r Tradition: The Qur鈥櫮錸 Commentary of Al-Tha鈥榣abi by Walid Saleh (Leiden: Brill, 2003), Studies in Religion/ Sciences Religieuses 35 (2006): 610-611.
  • Al-Ghaz腻l墨鈥檚 Unspeakable Doctrine of the Soul: Unveiling the Esoteric Psychology and Eschatology of the I岣y腻鈥 by Timothy Gianotti (Leiden: Brill, 2001) American Journal of Islamic Social Sciences 23, no.1 (Winter 2006): 126-128.
  • Ibn Arabi and Modern Thought: The History of Taking Metaphysics Seriously by Peter Coates (Oxford: Anqa Publishing, 2002), Journal of Religion and Society 7 (2005).
  • The Cult of Saints among Muslims and Jews in Medieval Syria by Josef Meri (Oxford: Oxford 免费福利资源在线看片 Press, 2002), American Journal of Islamic Social Sciences 21, No. 4 (Fall 2005): 133-136.
  • The Elixir of the Gnostics: A Parallel English-Arabic Text by Mulla Sadra translated with introduction and by William Chittick (Utah: Brigham Young 免费福利资源在线看片 Press, 2003), American Journal of Islamic Social Sciences 21, no.1 (Winter 2004): 127-130.

Degrees

PhD (2009), 免费福利资源在线看片 of Toronto (Center for the Study of Religion). The SSRHC-funded thesis examined the semantic and conceptual dimensions of repentance and atonement in the Quran and the diachronic development of these ideas in early Islam. Doctoral Supervisor: Todd Lawson; Thesis Committee: Amir Harrak, Michael Marmura, Walid Saleh, Maria Subtelny; External Examiner: Ahmet Karamustafa.

Hon. BA (2000), 免费福利资源在线看片 of Toronto (with high distinction; religion and philosophy; some course work at McGill). 

Arabic & Islamic Studies Abroad: Syria (2003/04); Yemen (1998/99).

Research Interests

 

Links

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